EIA 560 STANDARD


Standard Method of Measurement for Compact Disk Players

Purpose: The standard is a result of the efforts of the Compact Disk Subcommittee of the EIA Audio Systems Committee.

3.0 STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS

  1. Power Supply Requirements

    • DC: The EIA standard requires the supply voltage shall be within +-1% of the rated supply voltage, and this voltage should be stated.
    • AC: It requires that the supply frequency should 50 or 60 Hz +-2%. The wave form should be a sine wave with harmonic distortion no greater than 2.0%.

  2. Environmental Conditions

    • All the measurements should be made at an ambient temperature of 23 degrees Celsius at relative humidity of 50%, +-5 %, unless stated otherwise by manufacturer.
    • Measurements can be made between 15 and 35 degrees Celsius and a relative humidity of 45% to 75%, providing that no significant measurement error results.
    • The test CD player should be turned on for about 30 minutes prior to measurement, unless the stabilization does not result in any measurement error.

  3. Test Signals

    • The test signals to be used for measurement of CD players shall be those incorporated in the Standard Test Disc in Appendex A.

  4. Standard Load Impedance

    • For the purpose of measurement, a load consisting of a 10,000 Ohm, +-5%, resistor, in parallel with a 200 pF, +-5%, capacitor, should be connected to each line output terminal.

  5. Standard Control Settings

    • Volume setting: If the player has the fixed-level output terminals, then the fixed-level output should be used for the measurement. If not then the headphone output should be used and its volume to be set at 2 volts output across the standard load impedance on the measured channel when reference signal on Track 1 of the test CD is played.
    • Other control settings: The noise reduction system or the dynamic processor (maga-bass, etc.) should be turned off for the purpose of the measurements.

  6. Test Equipment

    • Voltmeter: The voltmeter used in making measurements shall read from 4 Hz to 20 kHz over an amplitude range from -100 dBu to +20 dBu with error no greater than +-0.1 dB.
    • Level Recorder: The level recorder used in making should be able to measure the rms value of a sine wave with errors no greater than +-1 dB over frequency range from 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
    • Filter: For the measurements that requires a low-pass filter to be inserted for the output signal path, the filter shall have the following specifications:
      • Passband response: <= +- 0.15 dB, 4 Hz <= f <= 20 kHz.
      • Stopband Attenuation: 60 dB or greater, f >= 24.1 kHz
    • Distortion Meter: It should be capable of measuring the rms value of the noise and distortion components, exclusive of the fundamental with errors no greater than +-1%.
    • Voltage Amplifiers: It should have a frequency response that is flat within +-01 dB from 20 Hz to 20 kHz and down no more than 1 dB at 4 Hz and 3 dB at 100 kHz. The recommended gain of the amplifier should be about 60 dB.
    • A-weighing Filter: If used, it should have characteristics of audio compensation Curve A and tolerance Type 0 as specified in IEC Publication 651.
    • Wow-and-Flutter Meter: It should have the characteristics specified in IEC Publication 386.
    • Intermodulation Distortion Meter: If used to make SMPTE-IM measurements, it should measure the intermodulation distortion produced when a 7 kHz sine wave is affected by a 60 Hz sine wave having an amplitude four times as large as 7 kHz signal, with errors no greater than +-1 dB.
    • Phase Difference Meter: It should be able to measure the phase difference between sine waves in the range from 20 Hz to 20 kHz with an accuracy of +-5 degree.
    • Frequency Counter: It should measure the frequency of a 20 kHz sine wave with an accuracy of +-1 Hz.
    • Spectrum Analyzer: It should analyze the frequency of an input signal up to 200 kHz with a frequency error no greater than +-2%.
    • One-Third-Octave filter: If inserted in the output signal path, the filter shall have IEC Class II characteristics.


4.0 TEST AND RATING

PRIMARY RATING

  1. Frequency Response
    • Definition: The measurement, under standard conditions and within a selected frequency rage, of the uniformity of CD player output level with reference to the 1 kHz level.
    • Test Frequency:
      • Single Frequency: 4 Hz, 8 Hz, 16 Hz, 32 Hz, 63 Hz, 125 Hz, 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1 kHz (reference level), 2 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz, 10 kHz, 12.5 kHz, 16 kHz, 18 kHz, 20 kHz.
      • Sweep Frequency: 1 kHz reference level followed by 5 Hz to 22,050 Hz sweep.

  2. Idle-Channel Signal-to-Noise Ratio (S/N)
    • Definition: The ratio of the reproduced reference signal level to the noise level when the zero-signal track of the disc is reproduced.
    • Test Frequency: 1 kHz

  3. Dynamic Range
    • Definition: The ratio of the reference signal level to the level of a test signal that is equal in average amplitude to one-third octave of correctly applied dither noise.
  4. Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (THD+N)
    • Definition: The Percentage of Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (THD+N) of a sine wave is equal to 100 times the ratio of the rms voltage measured with the fundamental component of the sine wave removed by a notch filter, to the rms voltage of the fundamental component.
  5. Channel Separation
    • Definition: Channel Separation is defined as the ratio of the output signal level on one channel to the level of the fundamental component of that signal measured on the second channel, expressed in dB.
    • Test Frequencies: 125 Hz, 1 kHz, 4 kHz, 10 kHz, and 16 kHz.

  6. De-emphasis Error Measurement
    • Definition: De-emphasis error is the difference between the measured output level and the theoretical output level when a non-preemphasized signal is reproduced with the de-emphasis circuitry in the CD player turned on.
    • Test Frequencies: 125 Hz, 1 kHz, 4 kHz, 10 kHz, and 16 kHz.

  7. Wow and Flutter
    • Definition: The weighted value measured with a wow flutter meter that reads peak values and has audio compensation characteristics specified in IEC Publication 386. In addition (but not substitution) any other metering/weighting method for wow and flutter may be used provide that any published results indicate which method is used.
    • Test Frequency: 3.15 kHz

  8. Intermodulation Distortion
    • Definition: The ratio of the effective value of all frequency components produced by intermodulation, to the modulated frequency components. Two types of intermodulation distortion measurement are provided for on the Standard Test Disk. For SMPTE-IM measurements, test frequencies of 7 kHz and 60 Hz (Track 13, Index 01) shall be used. For twin-tone, high frequency intermodulation distortion measurements (CCIF IM), test signals of 11 kHz and 12 kHz (Track 13, index 02) shall be used.
    • Test Frequencies:
      • 60 Hz + 7 kHz (4:1)
      • 11 kHz + 12 kHz (1:1)

  9. Phase Difference Between Channels
      Definition: Phase difference between the left channel and right channel outputs at a specified frequency.
    • Test Frequency: 20 kHz

  10. Level Difference Between Channel
    • Definition: Level difference of the R channel output with reference to the L channel output at a specified frequency. Test Frequency: 1 kHz

  11. Output Voltage
    • Definition: The output voltage when the reference signal is produced.
    • Test Frequency: 1 kHz

  12. Pitch Error
    • Definition: The ratio of the frequency of the reproduced signal to that of the original recording, expressed in percent.
    • Test Frequency: 20 kHz

  13. Access Time
    • Setup: Use the stop watch to time the access time.
    • Definition 1: Short Access Time: Immediately after starting playback of Track 1 of the test disc, measure the time that is taken between the depression of the command button to play Track 2 to the actual start of playback of Track 2 (inside track). Similarly, immediately after starting playback of Track 15, measure the time that is taken between the depression of the command button to play Track 16 to the actual start of playback of Track 16 (outside track).
    • Definition 2: Long Access Time: Immediately after starting playback of Track 1 of the test disc, measure the time that is taken between the depression of the command button to play Track 16 to the actual start of playback of Track 16.
      Note: Make the measurement 10 times or more for each item and indicate the mean values.

  14. Level Linearity
      Definition: The error in output level over the range from maximum recorded level (0 dB reference) to -59.94 dB reference level.
    • Test Levels: 997 Hz at amplitudes of 0 dB, -1 dB, -3 dB, -6 dB, -10 dB, -20 dB, -30 dB, -39.99 dB, -49.97 dB, and -59.94 dB

  15. Linearity with Dither
    • Definition: The difference between the output and the specified value when reproducing a dithered signal at the reference frequency.
    • Test Frequency: 997 Hz


Secondary Ratings

  1. Square Wave Test
    • Definition: The square wave signal on the Standard Test Disc (Track 16) is primarily for inspection with an oscilloscope. Until such a time as objective measurements can easily be made from the CD player's output with such a signal, the main use is simply to observe overshoot and waveform symmetry. Inferences may be made regarding the nature of anti-imaging filtering in the player, and that is the extent of what can be easily done at this time.

  2. Impulse Test
    • Definition: The impulse test signal on the Standard Test Disc (Track
      17) is primarily for determining the output polarity of a CD player.

5.0 RATING


5.1 Standard Rating

To rate the Compact Disc Players according to EIA standards, all primarily rating must be listed in the following order of importance.

5.1.1 Primary Rating:


  1. Frequency Response
  2. Signal to Noise Ratio (S/N)
  3. Dynamic Range
  4. Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (THD+N)
  5. Channel Separation
  6. De-emphases Error
  7. Wow and Flutter
  8. Intermodulation Distortion
  9. Phase Difference Between Channels
  10. Level Difference Between Channels
  11. Output Voltage
  12. Pitch Error
  13. Access Time
  14. Level Linearity
  15. Linearity with Dither

5.1.2 Secondary Rating:

To rate the Compact Disc Players according to EIA standards, the secondary rating shall be followings

  1. Square Wave Test
  2. Impulse Test

Appendix A

Table 1. Test CD requirements 
_______________________________________________________________________________
Track  Purpose              Channel   dB     Frequency
_______________________________________________________________________________
1      Level Output         L & R     0 dB   1 kHz 
2      Left Separation      L         0 dB   1K, 1.25K, 4K, 10K, 16K Hz 
3      Right Separation     R         0 dB   1K, 1.25K, 4K, 10K, 16K Hz 
4      S/N                  L & R     Infinity Zero
5      Dynamic Range        L & R     -60 dB 1 kHz
6      Frequency Response   L & R     0 dB   4, 8, 17, 31 Hz 
7      Frequency Response   L & R     0 dB   61, 127, 251, 499 Hz 
8      Frequency Response   L & R     0 dB   997, 1999, 4001, 7993 Hz 
9      Frequency Response   L & R     0 dB   10 007, 12 503, 16 001, 17 989 Hz 
10     F.R. & Pitch Error   L & R     0 dB   19 997
11     Sweep Frequency      L & R     0 dB   5 Hz - 22.05 kHz 
12     De-Emphasis          L & R     -20 dB 
13     IM Distortion        L & R     0 dB   60 + 7K, 11K + 12K Hz 
14     Wow & Flutter        L & R     0 dB   3150 Hz 
15     Access Time          L & R     0 dB   317 Hz 
16     Squre Wave           L & R     0 dB   1002.27 Hz
17     Impulse & Polarity   L & R     0 dB 
18     Level Linearity      L & R     0 dB to    997 Hz
                                     -90.31 dB     
_______________________________________________________________________________

Test CD: Contents of CBS CD-1 Test CD

Source

EIA (Electronic Industries Association). "Method of Measurement for CD Players. EIA Document ANSI/EIA-560-1990


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